Effects of different field processing methods on volatile components of Chuanxiong Rhizoma: an exploration based on headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry / 中国中药杂志

The volatile oil of Chuanxiong Rhizoma(CX) is known as an effective fraction. In order to seek a suitable method for processing CX and its decoction pieces, this study selected 16 volatile components as indices to investigate how different processing methods such as washing/without washing, sun-drying, baking, oven-drying and far-infrared drying at different temperatures affected the quality of CX and its decoction pieces(fresh CX was partially dried, cut into pieces, and then dried) by headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS), cluster analysis, principal component analysis and comprehensive weighted scoring. The results showed that the rapid washing before processing did not deteriorate the volatile components of CX. Considering the practical condition of production area, oven-drying was believed to be more suitable than sun-drying, baking, and far-infrared drying. The CX decoction pieces with a thickness of 0.3-0.4 cm were recommended to be oven-dried at 50 ℃. The integrated processing(partial drying, cutting into pieces, and drying) did not cause a significant loss of volatile components. For the fresh CX, the oven-drying at 60 ℃ is preferred. The temperature should not exceed 60 ℃, and drying below 60 ℃ will prolong the processing time, which will produce an unfavorable effect on volatile components. This study has provided the scientific evidence for field processing of CX, which is conducive to realizing the normalization and standardization of CX processing in the production area and stabilizing the quality of CX and its decoction pieces.

A study on the association between vitamin D status and ultrasonic bone mineral density among children / 预防医学

Objective To evaluate vitamin D nutritional status and its relationship with ultrasonic bone mineral density among children in Wenzhou City.Methods Overnight fasting venous blood samples of 546 children were collected to measure the concentration of serum 25 -hydroxyvitamin D (25 (OH)D),and bone mineral density was measured.Results The average concentration of serum 25 (OH)D was 25. 42 ±0. 590 ng/mL,25. 09% of participants were found with sufficient vitamin D,the rate of severe deficiency,deficiency and insufficiency were 1. 47%,32. 60% and 40. 84%respectively.The concentration of 25 (OH)D in different age groups was statistically significantly different (P<0. 01 ). Vitamin D nutritional status of the older groups was poor than that of the younger ones.In the group of children aged 7 to 1 1 and 11 to 14,the levels of 25(OH)D of boy was significantly higher than that of girl.Compared to those with sufficient vitamin D,children with vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency had lower bone mineral density(BMD)(P<0. 05 ).The level of 25(OH)D was correlated with BMD (r=0. 197,P<0. 01).After adjusted age and BMI,there was still a positive correlation between 25(OH)D level and BMD (r=0. 115,P<0. 01).Conclusions The vitamin D level of children in Wenzhou area is low.The level of serum 25 (OH)D may be related to BMD .More attention should be paid to the supplementation of vitamin D.

The relation of asbestosis to human 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosidase polymorphism and DNA damage in peripheral lymphocytes / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the relation of asbestosis to human 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosidase (hOGG1) genotype and DNA damage, the investigation of hOGG1 polymorphism distribution and DNA strand breakages in peripheral lymphocytes was carried on in occupational population.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total 101 asbestos-exposed workers and 141 controls were investigated. The DNA damage level was obtained by single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) and hOGG1 Ser326Cys polymorphism by PCR-RELP.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) A significant increase in the exposed group was observed in comet scores at basal (34.8 +/- 16.8), H2O2-induced (136.7 +/- 36.0) and 4 hours after repair (51.0 +/- 18.7) as compared with the control group (P < 0.01). And the scores in H2O2-induced (147.0 +/- 30.8) and 4 hours after repair (56.9 +/- 21.4) were significantly higher in asbestosis workers than in non-asbestosis ones (125.7 +/- 38.2 and 44.9 +/- 15.4, P < 0.01). (2) There was no differences of the genotype distribution between the asbestos group and the control group (chi(2) = 0.22, P = 0.89). A significant difference in the distribution of this polymorphism (Ser/Ser, Ser/Cys, Cys/Cys) between asbestosis group (25.5%, 51.0%, 23.5%) and the non-asbestosis group (48.0%, 36.0%, 16.0%) was observed (chi(2) = 6.023, P < 0.05). The comet scores at H2O2-induced and 4 hours after repair were higher in asbestosis subjects than in non-asbestosis ones (P < 0.05). (3) After adjusting ages, sex, smoking and drinking status, the odds ratios of the Cys allele for asbestosis were 0.66 (95% CI = 0.38 - 1.13) in the exposed subjects.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The results suggested that the asbestos occupational exposure might induce DNA damage and the augment on susceptivity of H2O2 oxidation and the fall of the capacity of repairing DNA damage might be one of the mechanisms to induce asbestosis among subjects with the Cys allele.</p>

Effects of medullary ischemia on respiratory and blood pressure induced by ligating basilar artery in cat / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>AIM</b>Observations on medullary ischemia region, the morphology of neurons and changes of respiration and blood pressure were made, in order to give evidences on how medullary ischemia affects respiration and circulation and give some advices on how to protect from it.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Using cats as the experimental animals, the different parts of the basilar artery trunk were ligated. The changes in the density of blood vessels, the morphology of neurons in the brainstem, the electromyogram (EMG) of the diaphragm and the blood pressure of the femoral artery were investigated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The density of blood vessels notably decreased in the medulla after ligating the basilar artery trunk. The ischemic range induced by ligation of the different parts of the basilar artery trunk overlapped, mainly locating in the medulla rostral to the obex. The soma were swelled and the Nissl bodies decreased in some of neurons in the ischemic region of medulla. The duration of inspiration (T1) and expiration (TE) shortened, respiratory frequency (RF) increased, and mean blood pressure (MBP) decreased in the experimental groups (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There is an obvious overlap of the areas in which blood supplied by different parts of the basilar artery trunk. Medullary ischemia can involve in changes of respiration and blood pressure. The ischemic damage of neurons in the medulla might be the structural basis of the changes in the respiratory and circulatory functions.</p>